El glaucoma es una neuropatía óptica progresiva y su detección temprana es clave para prevenir la pérdida de visión derivada de la enfermedad. Muchos pacientes pueden mostrar cambios estructurales progresivos a pesar de la ausencia de pérdidas detectables en el campo visual. Estos cambios estructurales suelen cuantificarse mediante tecnologías de imagen, como la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT, por sus siglas en inglés). Esta tecnología puede proporcionar mediciones cuantitativas y reproducibles de la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina peripapilar, la cabeza del nervio óptico y la mácula, que han demostrado ser útiles para la detección temprana de la progresión de la enfermedad. Por lo tanto, los oftalmólogos deben ser conscientes de cómo utilizar adecuadamente las herramientas de progresión proporcionadas por la OCT.
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